Integrative Pain Management: Dental and Medical Strategies in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder

Abstract

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD) is a complex condition affecting the jaw joint and surrounding muscles, leading to chronic pain and functional impairments. Traditional treatment approaches have largely focused on either dental or medical interventions, often leading to limited success in long-term pain management. This paper explores an integrative pain management model that combines dental and medical strategies to improve patient outcomes. Key approaches include occlusal therapy, orthodontic interventions, physical therapy, pharmacological management, minimally invasive procedures, and behavioral therapies. The role of patient-centered care, multidisciplinary collaboration, and the incorporation of emerging techniques such as regenerative medicine and neuromodulation are also discussed. By addressing the multifactorial nature of TMD through a holistic and evidence-based approach, integrative pain management provides a promising avenue for enhancing treatment efficacy and improving patients' quality of life.