The Role of Oral Microbiota in Systemic Diseases: Bridging the gap between Dentistry and Medicine

Abstract

Oral microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the oral cavity, plays a crucial role in maintaining oral and systemic health. Recent research highlights the intricate link between oral microbiota and various systemic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory infections, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in microbial composition, can lead to periodontal disease, which acts as a reservoir of inflammation and pathogenic bacteria, exacerbating systemic conditions. The bidirectional relationship between oral health and systemic diseases underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between dentistry and medicine. This paper explores the mechanisms through which oral microbiota influences systemic health, examines key microbial pathogens involved in disease progression, and discusses emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies aimed at leveraging oral microbiota for disease prevention and treatment. Bridging the gap between dentistry and medicine through a holistic approach to patient care can enhance early detection, personalized treatment, and overall health outcomes.